I'd like to start making a mod for HL2...but I have *no* idea where to begin. After I get the MOD visualized, how do I begin coding it? Or can I only start coding when the SDK is released?
Well, get a team together, discuss with them and together you do this project. You start with a design doc and the manager of the team needs to put his skills into use here and tell everyone what they need to do. In the beginning it's mostly the concept artist who does alot of stuff for the modellers to model and for the idea-people to see their ideas as paper drawings. It's like a computer where every part contributes to get the whole thing to function.
You can start programming on the HL1 SDK if you like. Odds are the HL2 SDK will resemble it in quite a few places. You probably will have to rewrite your code, but it won't be vastly different, so it would go faster changing it than writing it from scratch when the HL2 SDK is released.